Truth And Consequences
September 16, 2016
By Elliott Dowling, agronomist, Northeast Region and David Oatis, regional director, Northeast Region
Dry seasons highlight irrigation deficiencies and pinpoint where adjustments are necessary.
The summer of 2016 has been extremely challenging for golf courses
in the Northeast Region; and it isn't over yet. The heat and humidity
have been oppressive, and rainfall has been extreme or absent, depending
on your location. In most years, turf managers anxiously wait for
September, normally a month that favors turf recovery. Unfortunately,
until very recently September has provided little relief from summer
heat. Most golf courses have experienced some stress and turf thinning,
if not total turf loss. Recovery is needed, but it has been slow to
arrive because of the ongoing heat and lack of rainfall. Irrigation is
not a substitute for natural rain, and the absence of rain is slowing
germination and growth.
September also marks the unofficial start of fall projects. Golf
courses rely on fall projects and cultivation to improve turf health and
playing conditions for next season. Unfortunately, the unseasonably
hot, dry weather has caused some courses to scale back cultivation
programs and postpone golf course improvement projects. If your grass is
too weak to sustain traditional fall cultivation, implement a
less-aggressive approach by using smaller tines and less sand until the
weather improves. When the weather breaks, perform additional
cultivation if it is needed to promote long-term improvement.
The silver lining of a difficult season is that infrastructure
deficiencies are highlighted such that they are difficult to ignore.
This fall is a good time to think about turning some of your course's
weaknesses into strengths.
- Irrigation coverage—For courses that have experienced
extremely dry conditions, now is a perfect time to document irrigation
problems related to pumping, supply, control, coverage and other
factors. Act soon before regular rainfall erases irrigation coverage
problems that drought has exposed. If you haven't developed a drought emergency plan, this year has certainly shown why it is important to do so.
- Drainage—Irrigation often gets top billing, but nothing is
more important than getting rid of excess water when it arrives in
copious quantities. Keep in mind that surface and subsurface drainage
are equally important. If your greens don't have good internal drainage,
implement a deep soil-modification program or install an internal drainage system.
- Trees—Trees on a golf course
can add beauty and strategy, but they also shade the turf, compete for
moisture and can clog drain lines. Extremely wet or extremely dry, tree
roots can cause problems.
- Fans—Fan technology has improved tremendously in recent
years. Having one or more portable, gas-powered fans will provide
another level of protection when faced with difficult summer weather.
Some courses may have been able to avoid turf loss this summer if they
had used a fan for a few weeks.
- Grass species—Breeding programs are continually developing
new and improved turfgrass cultivars. If you have old “grass technology”
it may be time to upgrade to a species or cultivar that can better
withstand heat, drought, wear and disease.
The benefit of experiencing a challenging summer is that it
highlights a golf course's strengths and weaknesses. Hopefully you can
use this year to affect positive change at your golf course.
